As we saw in the video 4.3.1 The solar dynamo, the Sun produces strong magnetic fields. They are visible on the surface of the star in the form of spots and dark filaments for example. Their instability also generates dynamic pulsed phenomena: solar flares. These are storms in the solar wind and their consequences can be felt on Earth. In the best case, we see Aurorae Borealis, in the worst case, solar flares can seriously disrupt technological systems, notably electricity grids, as was the case in March 1989, when Quebec was plunged into darkness for more than nine hours. Therefore, in addition to studying the Sun itself, understanding its magnetic field is extremely important for human activity.
The astrophysicist Antoine Strugarek describes how solar physicists study the magnetic field of the Sun and produce what is called space weather forecasts.
For more information: On the Zoonivers participative science platform (in English), two projects help scientists analyse solar storms: Protect Our Planet From Solar Storms and Solar Stormwatch II. Thanks to explanations and tutorials, and using data from NASA’s STEREO satellites, you will obtain a clearer picture of the research issues in this field and help scientists pierce certain mysteries of the Sun.
You can also discover solar storms with the Solar Storm virtual reality application.